Footage shows boat survivors reaching the island of Lampedusa, where bodies have been covered and lined up, as Alan Johnston reports
At least 94 people have died after a boat carrying African migrants sank off the southern Italian island of Lampedusa, the island's mayor says.
More than 150 have been rescued but about 200 are missing, officials say.
Passengers reportedly threw themselves into the sea as the vessel got into trouble and Italian officials were quoted as saying that dozens of people were still in the water.
Most of those on board were from Eritrea and Somalia, said the UNHCR.
The boat was believed to have sailed from Libya, the Italian coast guard said.
Earlier this week, 13 migrants drowned while trying to reach Sicily.
In the latest incident, Simona Moscarelli, a spokeswoman from the International Organization for Migration in Rome, told the BBC that "at one point there was a fire on the boat and so the migrants moved, all of them, to one side of the boat which capsized".
She estimated that only three of about 100 women on board survived, adding that most of the migrants were unable to swim. "Only the strongest survived," she told the Associated Press news agency.
It is one of the worst such disasters to occur off the Italian coast in recent years; Prime Minister Enrico Letta tweeted that it was "an immense tragedy".
The boat was believed to have been carrying about 500 people at the time.
"There is no miraculous solution to the migrant exodus issue," said Italian Foreign Minister Emma Bonino. "If there were we would have found it and put it into action."
Also on Thursday, local media reported that around 200 migrants were escorted to the port of Syracuse on the island of Sicily, when the vessel encountered difficulties five miles off the coast.
'Continuous horror'
Footage from the scene showed bodies being laid out on Lampedusa's dockside.
The mayor of Lampedusa, Giusi Nicolini, described the scene as a "continuous horror".
More than 140 people have been rescued from the shipwreck, officials say
The vessel reportedly capsized after a fire on board
There are believed to have been around 500 people on board the vessel
The bodies of the victims were lined up at Lampedusa dockside
"It's like a cemetery, they are still bringing them out," she said.
Local media reports say that at least one child and a pregnant woman are among the dead and that a suspected people smuggler has been arrested.
Pope Francis sent a Twitter message calling for prayers for the "victims of the tragic shipwreck off Lampedusa". In July he visited the island and condemned the "global indifference" to the plight of migrants trying to arrive there.
In a statement UN High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres commended the swift action taken by the Italian coast guard to save lives.
Mr Guterres also expressed "dismay at the rising global phenomenon of migrants and people fleeing conflict or persecution and perishing at sea".
At this time of year, when the Mediterranean tends to be calmer, vessels carrying migrants from Africa and the Middle East land on Italy's southern shores almost every day, the BBC's Alan Johnston reports from Rome.
But often the vessels are overcrowded and are not seaworthy.
The UN said that in recent months most migrants attempting the crossing were fleeing the conflicts in Syria and the Horn of Africa, rather than coming from sub-Saharan Africa.
The UNHCR said that more than 1,500 people drowned or went missing while attempting to cross the Mediterranean to reach Europe in 2011, making it the "most deadly stretch of water for refugees and migrants".
The UN also said that almost 500 people were reported dead or missing at sea during 2012 in attempts to reach Europe.
On Wednesday a draft report from human rights body the Council of Europe said that Italy was "ill-prepared for a new surge of mixed migration on its coasts".
Italy's system for receiving and processing migrants and asylum seekers was not fit for purpose, a council committee on immigration said.
Ms Moscarelli said that closer international cooperation was needed to prevent such cases happening again.
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